ASD

The Evolution of Autism Diagnosis: From Asperger’s Syndrome to Autism Spectrum Disorder

This article discusses the significant change in autism diagnosis from Asperger’s Syndrome to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Level 1 in the DSM-5 (2013). It explains that this shift was driven by scientific advancements recognizing autism as a continuum rather than discrete categories, leading to the unified “spectrum” concept and support levels (1, 2, 3). Crucially, the article also reveals the ethical-historical reasons behind the change, stemming from Hans Asperger’s documented involvement with Nazi eugenics and child euthanasia programs, leading to a conscious decision to remove his name from diagnostic terminology for moral reasons. The overall goal is to foster a more accurate, inclusive, and respectful understanding of neurodiversity.